17th Article | Volume 02 | Issue 04
Digital Literacy of Pre- service Teachers in a Local College: A Mixed Methods Study
Venice Loraine Labor
Researcher, Institute of Teacher Education, Kapalong College of Agriculture, Sciences and Technology, Kapalong, Philippines
Jonelson C. Escandallo, PhD
Program Coordinator, Institute of Teacher Education, Kapalong College of Agriculture, Sciences and Technology, Kapalong, Philippines
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the level of digital literacy and the lived experiences of pre-service teachers at a local college in relation to digital literacy in their learning process. Also, to describe the coping mechanism of pre-service teachers on digital literacy with regards to their academic task. This study engaged mixed method design, utilizing parallel convergent approach. The participants of the study were the pre-service teachers from all 4th year level. There were 89 students who were randomly selected for quantitative and 10 for the qualitative: ten for in-depth interview which were purposively selected. Based on the results of the study, it was determined that the level of digital literacy is high. The study results indicated a high level of digital literacy. When the quantitative and qualitative data were compared, they aligned, supporting the TPACK framework's argument that it equips pre-service teachers with a strong foundation in digital literacy. This enables students to effectively use digital tools to enhance their learning experience. It can be concluded that pre-service teachers exhibit strong digital literacy skills, particularly in communication, critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration. The study also highlights the challenges they face in using digital tools independently, as well as the coping strategies they employ to overcome these barriers. Overall, the positive impact of digital literacy on education outweighs the challenges, reinforcing the importance of continued digital skill development.
Keywords: digital literacy, mixed methods, pre-service teachers, Kapalong, Davao del Norte
How to cite:
Labor, V. L., & Escandallo, J. (2024). Digital Literacy of Pre- service Teachers in a Local College: A Mixed Methods Study. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research and Innovation. 2(4), 278-297. https://doi.org/10.17613/m1px7-8wa28.
References:
Abbas, Q., Hussain, S., & Rasool, S. (2019). Digital Literacy Effect on the Academic Performance of Students at Higher Education Level in Pakistan. Global Social Sciences Review, 4(1), 154–165. https://ideas.repec.org/a/gss/journl/v4y2019i1p154-165.html
Abdullah, S. M. (2019). Similiarity Artikel:Social Cognitive Theory : A Bandura Thought Review published in 1982-2012. Journal PSIKODIMENSIA, 18(1), 85–100. http://eprints.mercubuana-yogya.ac.id/id/eprint/16382/
Abella, J. L., & Rosa, E. D. (2023). Digital Literacy and Digital Competence of Selected Filipino Teachers: Basis for a Post-Pandemic Pedagogy. IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research, 4(5), 548–569. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v4i5.378
Ahmed, & Elsawi, M. (2023). The Impact of Critical Thinking in Improving Students’ Learning: A case study of students in the English Department, College of Science and Arts, Tanumah, King Khalid University. European Journal of English Language and Literature Studies, 11(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.37745/ejells.2013/vol11n11016
Amin, A.M., Romi Adiansyah, & Noor Hujjatusnaini. (2023). The Contribution of Communication and Digital Literacy Skills to Critical Thinking. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia, 11(3), 697–712. https://doi.org/10.24815/jpsi.v11i3.30838
Ancheta, R. C. (2022). Digital Literacy Skills and Extent of Engagement on Digital Classroom Tools of General Education Teachers in an Inclusive Setting. Journal of Positive School Psychology , 4513–45224513–4522. https://mail.journalppw.com/index.php/jpsp/article/view/7259
Anggeraini, Y., Faridi, A., Mujiyanto, J., & Bharati, D. A. L. (2019). Literasi digital: Dampak dan tantangan dalam pembelajaran bahasa. In Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pascasarjana (PROSNAMPAS), 2(1), 386–389. https://proceeding.unnes.ac.id/snpasca/article/view/313
Apaydın, S., & Güven, S. (2022). Pre-Service Teachers’ Evaluations of Creativity in Higher Education. Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research, 17(1), 58–87. https://doi.org/10.29329/epasr.2022.248.4
Arvaja, M., Sarja, A., & Rönnberg, P. (2020). Pre-service subject teachers’ personal teacher characterisations after the pedagogical studies. European Journal of Teacher Education, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1860010
Aslan, S. (2020). Analysis of Digital Literacy Self-Efficacy Levels of Pre-service Teachers. International Journal of Technology in Education, 4(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijte.47
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psycnet.apa.org; American Psychological Association. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1977-25733-001
Barbosa Neves, B., Franz, R., Judges, R., Beermann, C., & Baecker, R. (2017). Can Digital Technology Enhance Social Connectedness Among Older Adults? A Feasibility Study. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 38(1), 49–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464817741369
Batez, M. (2021). ICT Skills of University Students from the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability, 13(4), 1711. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041711
Bozkurt, A., Jung, I., Xiao, J., Viviane Vladimirschi, Schuwer, R., Gennady Egorov, Lambert, S., Maha Al-Freih, Pete, J., Olcott, D., Rodes, V., Aranciaga, I., Bali, M., Alvarez, A. J., Roberts, J., Pazurek, A., Raffaghelli, J. E., Panagiotou, N., Perrine de Coëtlogon, & Sadik Shahadu. (2020). A global outlook to the interruption of education due to COVID-19 pandemic: Navigating in a time of uncertainty and crisis. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 1–126. https://asianjde.com/ojs/index.php/AsianJDE/article/view/462
Bryman, A. (2007). Barriers to Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), 8–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1558689806290531
Cabral, R., Garcia PD, Aquinaldo JT, Barongan DG, None Besweng MG S, & None Padlan E. (2023). Knowledge, Perception and Attitude among Dental Students on the Use of Online Education in a Higher Institution of Learning (HEI). Asian Journal of Healthcare Analytics, 2(1), 233–246. https://doi.org/10.55927/ajha.v2i1.4230
Carkit, C., & Kurnaz, H. (2022). The relationship between preservice teachers' critical thinking and epistemological beliefs. International Journal of Progressive Education, 8(1), 114-127. https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2022.426.7
Clark, V. & Ivankova, N. (2017). A conceptual framework for the field of mixed methods research. Mixed Methods research: A guide to the field (pp. 1-2). SAGE Publications, Inc. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781483398341.
Creswell, J. (2013). Qualitative research in corporate communication. Blogs Baruch Site. https://blogs.baruch.cuny.edu/
Creswell, J. W. (2008). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Upper Saddle River, N. J.: Pearson/Merill Education
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Pearson Education, Incorporated.
Dagdilelis. V. (2018). Preparing teachers for the use of digital technologies in their teaching practice. Research in Social Sciences and Technology, 3(1), 109-121. http://ressat.org/index.php/ressat/article/view/345
Demir, S.B., & Pismek, N. (2018). A convergent parallel mixed-methods study of controversial issues in social studies classes: A class of ideologies. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practices, 18(1), 119-149. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2018.1.0298
Dewia, E. R., & Alam, A. A. (2020). Transformation model for character education of students. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 15(5), 1228–1237.
Djawad, Y., Suhaeb, S., & Jaya, H. (2018). Innovation in learning through digital literacy at vocational school of health. Atlantis Press, 201, 239-244. https://doi.org/10.2991/aptekindo-18.2018.53
Duin, A.H., Pedersen, I., & Tham, J. (2021). Building digital literacy through exploration and curation of emerging technologies: A networked learning collaborative. Springer Cham, 93-113. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85241-2_6
Escandallo, J. C., Jane, K., Espinosa, D. L., & Alindao, C. O. (2024). FROM CHAOS TO CONTROL: INTEGRATING TIME MANAGEMENT, INCREASED ENGAGEMENT, AND TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS TO... ResearchGate, 705–714. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13823422
Escandallo, J.C. & Baradillo, D. G. (2024). A sequential explanatory approach on the relationship between social literacy and student engagement as mediated by English speaking skills. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 72–79. https://doi.org/10.36713/epra15397
Ferri, F., Grifoni, P., & Guzzo, T. (2020). Online learning and emergency remote teaching: Opportunities and challenges in emergency situations. Societies, 10(4), 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc10040086
Fleming, J. & Zeegwaard (2018). Methodologies, methods and ethical considerations for conducting research in work-integrated learning. International Journal of Work-Integrated Learning, 19(3), 205-213. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329356405
Gleason, B., & Von Gillern, S. (2018). Digital citizenship with social media: Participatory practices of teaching and learning in secondary education. Educational Technology and Society, 12(1), 200-212. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322733013_Digital_citizenship_with_social_media_Participatory_practices_of_teaching_and_learning_in_secondary_education
Gonzales, M. (2021). Collaborative skills of pre-service teachers. Asia Pacific Journal of Social and Behavioral Sciences, 17(17), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.57200/apjsbs.v17i2599-4891.221
Gopinathan, S., Kaur, A.H., Veeraya, S., & Raman, M. (2022). The role of digital collaboration in students engagement towars enhancing student participation during COVID-19. Sustainability, 14(11), 44-68. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14116844
Graff, K., Quiñonez-Riegos, G., Scott, J., & Senior, H. (2020). Ethical issues in academic libraries: an annotated bibliography. Journal of Information Ethics, 29(1), 65-88. https://www.proquest.com/
Groenewald, T. (2004). A phenomenological research design illustrated. International journal of qualitative methods, 3(1), 42-55. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 160940690400300104
Halcomb, E., & Hickman, L. (2015). Mixed methods research. Nursing Standard, 29(32), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.29.32.41.e8858
Hamayel, H. &Hawamdeh, M. (2022). Methods used in digital citizenship: A systematic literature review. Journal of Digital education Technology, 2(3), 2-7. https://doi.org/10.30935/jdet/12520
Hanson, W. E., Creswell, J. W., Clark, V. L. P., Petska, K. S., & Creswell, J. D. (2005). Mixed methods research designs in counseling psychology. Journal of counseling psychology, 52(2), 224. https://doi.org/10.1037/00220167.52.2.224
Iyer, L. (2019). Critical thinking and it’s importance in education. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339433132_Critical_Thinking_and_it
Juarez, M.A., Perez, J.M. & Ortega, D.G. (2023). Digital distractions from the point of view of higher education students. Sustainability, 15(7), 7-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15076044
Khan, S., & Bhatt, I. (2018, January 1). Curation (Chapter for The International Encyclopedia of Media Literacy).https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320798407_Curation_Chapter_for_The_International_Encyclopedia_of_Media_Literacy
King, M. (2018). Aggregation, curation, and creation: Digital literacy skills that enhance learning. National Association of Secondary School Principals. https://www.nassp.org/2018/04/04/aggregation-curation-and-creation-digital-literacy-skills-that-enhance-learning/
King, M. (2018). Aggregation, curation, and creation: Digital literacy skills that enhance learning. National Association of Secondary School Principals. https://www.nassp.org/2018/04/04/aggregation-curation-and-creation-digital literacy-skills-that-enhance-learning/
Kwiatkowska, W., & Wiśniewska-Nogaj, L. (2022). Digital Skills and Online Collaborative Learning: The Study Report. Electronic Journal of E-Learning, 20(5), 510–522. https://doi.org/10.34190/ejel.20.5.2412
Lionenko, M. & Huzar, O. (2023). Development of critical thinking in the context of digital learning. Economics & Education, 8(2), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.30525/2500-946X/2023-2-5
Mena-Guacas, A. F., Meza-Morales, J. A., Fernández, E., & López-Meneses, E. (2023). Digital morCollaboration in Higher Education: A Study of Digital Skills and Collaborative Attitudes in Students from Diverse Universities. Education Sciences, 14(1), 36–36. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14010036
Mokhtari, F. (2023). Fostering Digital Literacy in Higher Education: Benefits, Challenges and Implications. International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation, 6(10), 160–167. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2023.6.10.19
Morrison, C. (2018). Copyright and Digital Literacy: Rules, Risk and Creativity. Digital Literacy Unpacked, 97–108. https://doi.org/10.29085/9781783301997.009
Morrison, C., & Secker, J. (2022). 13 Copyright Education and Information Literacy. De Gruyter EBooks, 285–318. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110732009-015
Nalyvaiko, O., & Ronzhes, O. (2021). Creativity in digital environment. Possibilities of application in the educational space. OPEN EDUCATIONAL E-ENVIRONMENT of MODERN UNIVERSITY, 11, 106–120. https://doi.org/10.28925/2414-0325.2021.119
Naz, D. F. L., Raheem, A., Khan, F. U., & Muhammad, W. (2022). An Effect Of Digital Literacy On The Academic Performance Of University-Level Students. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(8), 10720–10732. https://journalppw.com/index.php/jpsp/article/view/15014
Onwuegbuzie, A. J., Dickinson, W. B., Leech, N. L., & Zoran, A. G. (2019). A Qualitative Framework for Collecting and Analyzing Data in Focus Group Research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 8(3), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/160940690900800301
Pandya, A., & Lodha, P. (2021). Social Connectedness, Excessive Screen Time during COVID-19 and Mental Health: a Review of Current Evidence. Frontiers in Human Dynamics, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.3389/fhumd.2021.684137
Santoso, N. R., Sulistyaningtyas, I. D., & Pratama, B. P. (2022). Transformational Leadership During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Strengthening Employee Engagement Through Internal Communication. Journal of Communication Inquiry, 0(0), 019685992210951. https://doi.org/10.1177/01968599221095182
Shabani, K., Khatib, M., & Ebadi, S. (2010). Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development: Instructional implications and teachers’ professional development. English Language Teaching, 3(4), 237–248. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1081990.pdf
Sobaih, A. E. E., Hasanein, A. M., & Abu Elnasr, A. E. (2020). Responses to COVID-19 in Higher Education: Social Media Usage for Sustaining Formal Academic Communication in Developing Countries. Sustainability (2071-1050), 12(16), 6520. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166520
Stephany, K. (2023). Digital citizenship, digital literacy, and education. https://www.cosn.org/digital-citizenship-digital-literacy/
Su, Y. (2023). Delving into EFL teachers’ digital literacy and professional identity in the pandemic era: Technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) framework. Science Direct, 9(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16361
Tetep, T. & Suparman, A. (2019). Students’ digital media literacy: Effects on social character. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 8(29), 394-399. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.B1091.0982S919
Turner, R. J. (2007). Diffusion of Innovations. Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, 14(6), 776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2007.07.001
Umali, T. (2019, August 8). EXCLUSIVE: Promoting Digital Literacy in the Philippine education system. OpenGov Asia. https://opengovasia.com/promoting-digital-literacy-in-the-philippine-education-system/
Vidal, C., Vidal, J., De Los Reyes, C., Ancheta, R., Capuno, R., Pinili, L., Etcuban, J., Niña, R., Manguilimotan, R., & Manalastas, R. (2022). Digital literacy skills and extent of engagement on digital classroom tools of general education teachers in an inclusive setting. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(6), 7203-7210. https://journalppw.com/index.php/jpsp/article/view/8790/5719
Wang, B., & Li, P. (2022). Digital creativity in STEM education: the impact of digital tools and pedagogical learning models on the students’ creative thinking skills development. Interactive Learning Environments, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2022.2155839
Published: November 2024
POLICY AND INFORMATION