4th Article | Volume 01 | Issue 04

Applying Arne Naess's Ecosophy on DENR’s National Greening Program: A Phenomenological Analysis   




Spencer P. Reyes

Faculty, Cebu Normal University

Cebu City, Philippines

Published: November 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17613/xrqd-4g96.


KEYWORDS

Abstract

This study applies Arne Naess’ ecosophy as a tool for possible progressive research material concerning the National Greening Program (NGP) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). This study aims to conduct a phenomenological analysis of tree farming advantages, driven by a philosophical approach and practical strategy integrated through the principle of deep ecology. The philosophy of deep ecology presupposes ethics and the interrelatedness of human beings to nature that generally can be experienced anywhere. This study aims to assess the core motives, plans, objectives, strategic implications, initiatives, provisions, and the probable outcome of the said government program. To realize this, this research enunciates a possible parallel study between Naess's deep ecology and the DENR's goal. Since this study is concerned with the current situation of human beings, it delves into the context of the phenomenological research approach. It provides different perspectives on the other government officials who were once the program's authors and implementers. As this research goes on, the findings have various outlooks on applying deep ecology to facilitate the government's NGP. The crucial part of making this program absolute must be the participation of every individual in such advocacy as a sole environmental bailiff. However, the challenge never ceases to interrupt the goodwill of human beings. On the other hand, man's passion never fails to contribute to sustainable ecological preservation, biodiversity, reparation, and community commitment. 



Keywords: Arne Dekke Eide Naess, deep ecology, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Ethics, National Greening Program 

How to cite:

Reyes, S. (2023). Applying Arne Naess's Ecosophy on DENR’s National Greening Program: A Phenomenological Analysis. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research and Innovation. 1(4), 60-73. https://doi.org/10.17613/xrqd-4g96.

References:

“DENR Program NGP as of December 2018” (2018). Accessed September 6, 2023. https://www.denr.gov.ph/images/transparency_seal/DENR_Program_NGPas_of_December2018.pdf

“DENR Program NGP. (2018). Accessed June 20, 2023. https://www.denr.gov.ph/images/transparency_seal/DENR_Program_NGPas_of_December2018.pdf

“DENR, Cebu gov’t partner to protect marine biodiversity,” Philippine News Agency. (2023). Accessed July 28, 2023. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1200624

“Lopez bares plans for DENR, vows stronger partnership with stakeholders,” Department of Environment and Natural Resources-National Capital Region. Accessed September 7, 2023. https://ncr.denr.gov.ph/index.php/news-events/press-releases/lopez-bares-plans-for-denr-vows-stronger-partnership-with-stakeholders

“National Greening Program,” Department of Environment and Natural Resources. (2019). Accessed August 11, 2023. https://www.denr.gov.ph/index.php/priority-programs/national-greening-program

“NGP Summit: Revisiting the Implementation of the National Greening Program,” Environmental Leadership and Training Initiative (ELTI) at Yale University. (2014). Accessed August 9, 2023. https://elti.yale.edu/events/ngp-summit-revisiting-implementation-national-greening-program

“Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) Study Sees Positive Impact of Greening Program on Economy and Environment,” (1970) Accessed August 13, 2023, https://www.pids.gov.ph/details/pids-study-sees-positive-impact-of-greening-program-on-economy-and-environment#:~:text=However%2C%20the%20study%20noted%20that,poor%20program%20monitoring%20have%20persisted

“Philippines 2019 E15 FuRep NGP”, International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions. (2019). Accessed August 21, 2023. https://www.intosai.org/fileadmin/downloads/focus_areas/SDG_atlas_reports/Philippines/Philippines_2019_E_15_FuRep_NGP.pdf

“The Rise and Fall of Regina Lopez, the Philippines’ maverick environment minister,” Mongabay. (2017) accessed August 11, 2023. https://news.mongabay.com/2017/05/the-rise-and-fall-of-regina-lopez-the-philippines-maverick-environment-minister/

Callicot, J. Baird & Frodeman, Robert. (2017). The Oxford Handbook of Environmental Ethics. New York: Oxford University Press.

Catherine Gonzales, Legarda wants COA to conduct a performance audit of gov’t projects. (2018). Accessed August 27, 2023. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1028610

DENR and UNDP boost the Extended Producers Responsibility drive. (2023). https://denr.gov.ph/index.php/news-events/press-releases

Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). (2016).  Executive Order (E.O.) 192, series of 1987. https://car.denr.gov.ph/index.php/about-us/mission-vision.

Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Guidelines and Procedures in the Implementation of the National Greening Program, DENR Memorandum Circular No. 2011-01 [D.M.C. No. 2011-01] (2011, March 08)

Department of Environment and Natural Resources. (2023). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Environment_and_Natural_Resources

Emerson, Ralph W. Five Essays on Man and Nature. Robert E. Spiller ed. USA: Appleton-Century-Crafts Inc. 1993.

Executive Summary. https://www.denr.gov.ph/images/transparency_seal/TS_FY2021/03-DENR2020_Executive_Summary.pdf

Grimes, William. Arne Naess, Norwegian philosopher, Died at 96—the New York Times. (2009) Accessed August 30, 2023. https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/15/world/europe/15naess.html

List of Organizations in the Philippines and Advocators of Wildlife in the Philippines. (2019). Accessed August 21, 2023. https://www.traveloka.com/en-ph/explore/tips/features-eco-friendly-organizations-philippines/64061

Naess, Arne. (2008). The Ecology of Wisdom. Alan Drengson & Bell Devall, ed. USA: Pan-American Copyright Convention.

National Geographic Education, “Ecology,” https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/ecology/

Office of the President, declaring a Moratorium on the cutting and harvesting Timber in the Natural and Residual Forests and Creating the Anti-Illegal Logging Task Force, Executive Order No. 23 [E.O. No. 23]. § 2 and 2.6. (2011, February 1).

Philippine Forests Statistics (2017). Accessed June 23, 2023. https://forestry.denr.gov.ph/index.php/statistics/philippines-forestrystatistics

Philippine Master Plan for Climate Change Resilient Forestry Development. (2016). Accessed May 28, 2023. http://forestry.denr.gov.ph/pdf/mp/PMPCRFD_2015_plus_Annexes.pdf

Policy and Implementation Framework for the Enhanced Convergence Initiative among DA, DAR, and DENR, Joint Memorandum Circular No. 01 [JMC NO. 1]

Stumpf, Samuel E. & Fieser, James. (2008). Socrates to Sartre and Beyond: A History of Philosophy, 5th ed. New York: McGraw Hill

Thiel, C. (2022). Phenomenological Method as the basis of re-examination of certain lived experiences. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B0080430767002679?via%3Dihub.

Witoszek, Nina & Brennan Andrew. (1999). Arne Naess and the Progress of EcoPhilosophy. America: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. Inc. 

Zimmerman, Michael E. (1993). Environmental Philosophy: From Animal Rights to Radical Ecology. J. Baird Callicott et. al. ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs.